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 Free Download Approximation Algorithms for Traveling Salesman Problems English | 2025 | ISBN: 1009445413 | 443 Pages | PDF | 7.5 MB The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a central topic in discrete mathematics and theoretical computer science. It has been one of the driving forces in combinatorial optimization. The design and analysis of better and better approximation algorithms for the TSP has proved challenging but very fruitful. This is the first book on approximation algorithms for the TSP, featuring a comprehensive collection of all major results and an overview of the most intriguing open problems. Many of the presented results have been discovered only recently, and some are published here for the first time, including better approximation algorithms for the asymmetric TSP and its path version. This book constitutes and advances the state of the art and makes it accessible to a wider audience. Featuring detailed proofs, over 170 exercises, and 100 color figures, this book is an excellent resource for teaching, self-study, and further research.  Free Download Approaches to Algebra: Perspectives for Research and Teaching By Nadine Bednarz, Carolyn Kieran, Lesley Lee (auth.), Nadine Bernarz, Carolyn Kieran, Lesley Lee (eds.) 1996 | 348 Pages | ISBN: 0792341686 | PDF | 18 MB In Greek geometry, there is an arithmetic of magnitudes in which, in terms of numbers, only integers are involved. This theory of measure is limited to exact measure. Operations on magnitudes cannot be actually numerically calculated, except if those magnitudes are exactly measured by a certain unit. The theory of proportions does not have access to such operations. It cannot be seen as an "arithmetic" of ratios. Even if Euclidean geometry is done in a highly theoretical context, its axioms are essentially semantic. This is contrary to Mahoney's second characteristic. This cannot be said of the theory of proportions, which is less semantic. Only synthetic proofs are considered rigorous in Greek geometry. Arithmetic reasoning is also synthetic, going from the known to the unknown. Finally, analysis is an approach to geometrical problems that has some algebraic characteristics and involves a method for solving problems that is different from the arithmetical approach. 3. GEOMETRIC PROOFS OF ALGEBRAIC RULES Until the second half of the 19th century, Euclid's Elements was considered a model of a mathematical theory. This may be one reason why geometry was used by algebraists as a tool to demonstrate the accuracy of rules otherwise given as numerical algorithms. It may also be that geometry was one way to represent general reasoning without involving specific magnitudes. To go a bit deeper into this, here are three geometric proofs of algebraic rules, the frrst by Al-Khwarizmi, the other two by Cardano.  Free Download Applied Technologies: Second International Conference, ICAT 2020, Quito, Ecuador, December 2-4, 2020, Proceedings by Miguel Botto-Tobar English | EPUB| 2021 | 713 Pages | ISBN : 3030715027 | 128.2 MB This volume constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Applied Technologies, ICAT 2020, held in Quito, Ecuador, in December 2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held online.  Free Download Applications and Trends in Fintech I: Governance, AI, and Blockchain Design Thinking English | 2022 | ISBN: 981124796X | 290 Pages | PDF (True) | 12 MB This book is the first part of Applications and Trends in Fintech, which serves as a comprehensive guide to the advanced topics in fintech, including the deep learning and natural language processing algorithms, blockchain design thinking, token economics, cybersecurity, cloud computing and quantum computing, compliance and risk management, and global fintech trends. 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Roland Schmieder (auth.) 1995 | 264 Pages | ISBN: 3815420881 | PDF | 6 MB Das vorliegende Buch mit seinen zahlreichen Fragen und Antworten sowie Aufgaben und Lösungen aus dem Gebiet der Analysis wendet sich vorwiegend an Studierende natur- und ingenieurwissenschaftlicher Studiengänge der ersten Semester an Technischen Universitäten und Fachhochschulen. Es unterstützt den Leser bei der Vorbereitung auf Prüfungen, insbesondere Klausuren, eignet sich aber auch zur Vertiefung und Ergänzung des Wissens. Die Lösungen zu den Aufgaben werden durch Lösungshinweise, teilweise sogar durch den kompletten Lösungsweg ergänzt. Zur Erleichterung ist jedem Abschnitt eine Auswahl wichtiger Formeln vorangestellt.
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 Free Download Heather Siddons, Sandra Lancaster, "An Overview of the Use of the Child Behaviour Checklist within Australia" English | 2004 | pages: 88 | ISBN: 0864316275 | PDF | 1,0 mb |
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