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Start your reading journey today on DL4ALL.org and unlock a world of imagination, knowledge, and inspiration!  Free Download Economics: Complex Windows By Tito F. Arecchi (auth.), Massimo Salzano, Alan Kirman (eds.) 2005 | 217 Pages | ISBN: 8847002796 | PDF | 2 MB This volume contains papers that provide an analysis of topics in the following areas: Agent Based Models, Non-linear Time Series Analysis, Financial Market Dynamics, Econo-physics, Deterministic Chaos, Macroeconomic Dynamics.Economics: Complex Windows, does not present contributions to the sterile debate as to the merits of the different grand, or potentially grand paradigms of economics. Rather it offers a balanced collection of methodological advances which can be applied to concrete economic problems. Starting with a presentation of the "complexity approach" to economics, it goes on to provide a collection of applications to areas such as the analysis of market imperfections, risk assessment, non-linear dynamics, forecasting and highly irregular fluctuations. The tools used help to provide a clearer understanding and a more accurate analysis of these areas of economics. They also highlight the gulf which exists between current economic theory and real economic practice. The basic idea is to encourage economic researchers to embrace a more open and pragmatic approach to economics rather than to reluctantly move in this direction as if it were somehow a betrayal of established dogma. We hope, in this way, to open up avenues which will lead to progress beyond the "holy trinity", (rationality, equilibrium and greed) of modern economics.  Free Download Economic Impact of the Container Traffic at the Port of Algeciras Bay By Dr. Daniel Coronado, Dr. Manuel Acosta, Dr. María del Mar Cerbán, María del Pilar López (eds.) 2006 | 120 Pages | ISBN: 3540367888 | PDF | 1 MB In this book we study the economic impact of the container traffic at one of the most important port in the Mediterranean: the Port of Algeciras Bay (PAB). In order to meet this general objective we analyse in detail the global framework of the containerisation business and the characteristics that currently condition this process. In a second step the physical characteristics of the PAB in relation to this activity are explained, and the situation in respect of the physical and logistics infrastructrue prevailing in the principal Mediterranean ports is described. In a third step we have carried out an analysis of the evolution of the container traffic, in order to situate the PAB in the contexts of both the Spanish ports and those of the rest of the world. Finally, the economic effects are determined; the economic impacts of the Port of Algeciras Bay and its economic relevance are derived from the application of an economic input-output methodology.  Free Download Economic Futures: Climate Change and Modernity by Ruth Irwin English | 2024 | ISBN: 1786615118 | 349 Pages | True PDF | 1.95 MB  Free Download Ecology of Faunal Communities on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands By R. Rajasekaran, Olivia J. Fernando (auth.), K. Venkataraman, C. Raghunathan, C. Sivaperuman (eds.) 2012 | 340 Pages | ISBN: 3642283349 | PDF | 7 MB The Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India, consist of 572 islands with a land area of 8,249 km2. Their topography is hilly and undulating, with elevations up to 732 m on the Andaman and up to 568 m on the Nicobar Islands. They are known for their rich biodiversity and a very high degree of endemicity in all taxa, especially in plants, reptiles, fishes and corals. Their habitats include bays, mangroves, moist deciduous forests and evergreen forests. Comprising 20 chapters each written by an expert or professional in his/her particular field this book offers new insights into the fascinating faunal communities of these islands and provides the fundamentals for their conservation and environmental management.  Free Download Ecology of Cyanobacteria II: Their Diversity in Space and Time By Brian A. Whitton, Malcolm Potts (auth.), Brian A. Whitton (eds.) 2012 | 760 Pages | ISBN: 9400738544 | PDF | 29 MB Cyanobacteria have existed for 3.5 billion years, yet they are still the most important photosynthetic organisms on the planet for cycling carbon and nitrogen. The ecosystems where they have key roles range from the warmer oceans to many Antarctic sites. They also include dense nuisance growths in nutrient-rich lakes and nitrogen-fixers which aid the fertility of rice-fields and many soils, especially the biological soil crusts of arid regions. Molecular biology has in recent years provided major advances in our understanding of cyanobacterial ecology. Perhaps for more than any other group of organisms, it is possible to see how the ecology, physiology, biochemistry, ultrastructure and molecular biology interact. This all helps to deal with practical problems such as the control of nuisance blooms and the use of cyanobacterial inocula to manage semi-desert soils. Large-scale culture of several organisms, especially "Spirulina" (Arthrospira), for health food and specialist products is increasingly being expanded for a much wider range of uses. In view of their probable contribution to past oil deposits, much attention is currently focused on their potential as a source of biofuel.Please visit http://extras.springer.com/ to view Extra Materials belonging to this volume.This book complements the highly successful Ecology of Cyanobacteria and integrates the discoveries of the past twelve years with the older literature.  Free Download Ecology and Man in Mexico's Central Volcanoes Area By Roland Bobbink, Gerrit W. Heil (auth.), Gerrit W. Heil, Roland Bobbink, Nuri Trigo Boix (eds.) 2003 | 222 Pages | ISBN: 9401037566 | PDF | 6 MB The main activities of the economically active population around The Iztaccíhuatl and Popocatépetl volcanoes region lie in the primary sector (65- 90%). Of the people working in this sector, those dependent on agricultural or pastoral activities generally have an income significantly lower than the minimum wage in Mexico. Of the activities in the area, these agricultural, pastoral, and forestry activities probably have the most direct effect on the ecology of the volcanoes and its immediate surroundings. Traditional farmers, producing crops such as beans, pumpkins and cucumbers, generally work on small fields using traditional methods and animal traction. Modern farming, geared towards intensive production develops on larger sites making use of modern machinery, fertilizers, and pesticides. As the area under agriculture continues to increase every year, the attendant opening of large forested areas, soil modification, and ensuing erosion make it almost impossible for forest recovery. Extensive forestry in the region mainly concerns cutting and collecting wood, cutting Pinus-branches for torches or for utensils for open-fire cooking, collection of mushrooms, and hunting. Although these (often clandestine) activities seem to be small-scale, their adverse effects on the forest have been substantial. Weekend visitors from Mexico City heavily dominate recreation, with tourism concentrated near the roads leading to and inside the park. Lacking organization and facilities, most recreational activities have had significant environmental impact on the area In many countries, the decline of nature has occurred because of changes in land use.  Free Download Ecological Systems: Selected Entries from the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology By Rik Leemans (auth.), Rik Leemans (eds.) 2013 | 310 Pages | ISBN: 1461457548 | PDF | 4 MB Earth is home to an estimated 8 million animal species, 600,000 fungi, 300,000 plants, and an undetermined number of microbial species. Of these animal, fungal, and plant species, an estimated 75% have yet to be identified. Moreover, the interactions between these species and their physical environment are known to an even lesser degree. At the same time, the earth's biota faces the prospect of climate change, which may manifest slowly or extremely rapidly, as well as a human population set to grow by two billion by 2045 from the current seven billion. Given these major ecological changes, we cannot wait for a complete biota data set before assessing, planning, and acting to preserve the ecological balance of the earth. This book provides comprehensive coverage of the scientific and engineering basis of the systems ecology of the earth in 15 detailed, peer-reviewed entries written for a broad audience of undergraduate and graduate students as well as practicing professionals in government, academia, and industry. The methodology presented aims at identifying key interactions and environmental effects, and enabling a systems-level understanding even with our present state of factual knowledge.  Free Download Ecological Succession on Fallowed Shifting Cultivation Fields: A Review of the Literature By Claudio O. Delang, Wing Man Li (auth.) 2013 | 127 Pages | ISBN: 9400758200 | PDF | 2 MB The book reviews the literature on the ecological succession of plants on fallowed swiddens in tropical forests. Patterns of ecological succession in tropical forests are insufficiently understood, partly because results are scattered through a large number of case studies reported in academic articles. So far, no publication has attempted to bring these different case studies together to identify common patters and trends. The goal of the book is to review the different case studies, and identify common patterns of ecological succession in fallowed swiddens, as well as to pinpoint the factors that cause ecological succession in some areas to differ from those in other areas. The book is organised in four different sections: forest structure, forest diversity, species composition, and the factors that contribute to differences in forest recovery rates (the number of times the field was burned, the length of fallow period, the type of soil, and the type of forest). This book is an important contribution to tropical forestry and shifting cultivation. Deforestation and forest degradation are the largest sources of CO2, and shifting cultivation is one of the main culprits. For this (and other economic and political) reason governments attempt to curtail shifting cultivation by shortening the years the fields can be left fallow, or outright outlawing the farming practice. Yet, there is insufficient understanding of the processes of ecological succession in fallows, which raises the questions as to whether the policy fulfils its objectives.  Free Download Echtzeitsysteme: Grundlagen, Funktionsweisen, Anwendungen By Heinz Wörn, Uwe Brinkschulte (auth.) 2005 | 556 Pages | ISBN: 3540205888 | PDF | 7 MB Das vorliegende Buch vermittelt einen Einblick in die Welt der Echtzeit- und Automatisierungssysteme. Es werden elementare Grundlagen und der aktuelle Stand der Technik bis hin zu Zukunftstechnologien und Entwicklungstrends dargestellt. Methoden, Konzepte, Funktionsprinzipien und Architekturen von Echtzeitsystemen werden allgemein erläutert und anhand von Beispielen aus der Automatisierung näher ausgeführt. Themenbereiche wie Steuerung und Regelung, Rechnerarchitekturen für Echtzeitsysteme, Echtzeitkommunikation, Echtzeitprogrammierung und -betriebssysteme, verteilte Echtzeitsysteme sowie Echtzeitsysteme zur Steuerung und Regelung von Anlagen, Werkzeugmaschinen und Robotern werden ausführlich beschrieben. Dieses Buch ist besonders geeignet für Studierende der Informatik, der Elektrotechnik, des Maschinenbaus, der Physik und des Wirtschaftsingenieurwesens im fortgeschrittenen Grundstudium oder zu Beginn des Hauptstudiums sowie für in der Praxis stehende Fachleute, die sich mit der Entwicklung, der Planung und dem Einsatz von Echtzeit- bzw. Automatisierungssystemen befassen.  Free Download Echtzeitfähige Steuerung von Speditionsnetzwerken: Nutzung moderner Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien zur effizienten Durchführung von Transporten By Stefan Bock (auth.) 2004 | 314 Pages | ISBN: 3824482142 | PDF | 21 MB Der zunehmende Wettbewerb durch die EU-Liberalisierung und die hohe Auslastung der Transportnetzwerke machen es für deutsche Speditionsunternehmen immer schwieriger, den vom Markt an sie gestellten Anforderungen zu entsprechen. So müssen sie zukünftig ihre Transportnetzwerke deutlich effizienter nutzen, um ihre Kostenposition - vor allem gegenüber osteuropäischen Konkurrenten - zu verbessern. Da innerhalb dieser Netzwerke jederzeit unerwartete Störungsereignisse wie Fahrzeugausfälle oder Staus auftreten können, wird hierzu eine leistungsfähige Steuerung benötigt. Stefan Bock präsentiert ein Konzept, das durch den Einsatz moderner Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien in der Lage ist, in Echtzeit auf Veränderungen im Netzwerk zu reagieren und den in der Ausführung befindlichen Plan zieladäquat anzupassen. Grundlage hierfür ist ein neuer Ansatz, der eine kontinuierliche Optimierung der vorliegenden Transportpläne parallel zu deren Ausführung vorsieht, um bei Einhaltung der vorgegebenen engen Zeitrestriktionen einer Echtzeitsteuerung die auszuführenden Pläne möglichst umfassend korrigieren zu können. |
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