Vanishing Vienna Modernism, Philosemitism, and Jews in a Postwar City

Rather than presenting the Nazi, exile, and postwar periods as discrete chapters of Vienna's history, Tanzer argues that they are part of a continuous spectrum of cultural evolution―the result of which was the creation of a coherent Austrian identity and culture that emerged by the 1950s. As she shows, antisemitism and philosemitism were not contradictory forces in post-Nazi Austrian culture. They were deeply interconnected aspirations in a city where nostalgia for the past dominated cultural reconstruction efforts and supported seemingly contradictory impulses. Viennese nostalgia at times concealed the perpetuation of antisemitic fantasies of the city without Jews. At the same time, the postwar desire to return to a pre-Nazi past relied upon notions of Austrian culture that Austrian Jews perfected in exile, as well as on the symbolic remigration of a mostly imagined "Jewish" culture now taxed with redeeming Austria in the aftermath of the Holocaust. From this perspective, philosemitism is much more than a simple inversion of antisemitism―instead, Tanzer argues, philosemitism, problematic as it may be, defines Vienna in the era of postwar reconstruction.
In this way, Vanishing Vienna uncovers a rarely discussed phenomenon of the aftermath of the Holocaust―a society that consumes, redefines, and bestows symbolic meaning on the victims in their absence.