A History of Capitalism

Beginning with the earliest forms of economic exchange, the narrative traces the development of capitalism through the medieval period, the Age of Discovery, the Industrial Revolution, and the rise of finance. Discover how agrarian societies transformed, leading to the enclosure movement and the rise of a landless working class. Explore the impact of merchant capitalism, mercantilism, and chartered trading companies on global trade and colonial expansion.
Witness the dramatic shift brought about by the Industrial Revolution, including the mechanization of production, the rise of factories, and the development of new financial instruments. The book delves into the social consequences of industrialization, the growth of cities, and the emergence of a new working class.
Follow the evolution of capitalism through the 19th and 20th centuries, exploring the rise of free trade, globalization, imperialism, the gold standard, and the challenges of economic crises like the Great Depression. Understand the impact of Keynesian economics, the post-war boom, the rise of neoliberalism, and the transformation brought by the information age.
Finally, confront the challenges and opportunities facing capitalism in the 21st century. Analyze the 2008 financial crisis, the rise of financial capitalism, the debate over eco-capitalism, and the complex relationship between capitalism and democracy. Consider the criticisms of capitalism, including exploitation, alienation, and instability, and ponder the future of this dynamic and ever-changing economic system.

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